Introduction The future of AI will depend on more than text. It will depend on perception. Robots, autonomous vehicles, drones, smart machines and spatial AI systems need to understand the world throu
Introduction AI is moving from screens into the physical world. The next generation of intelligent systems will not only answer questions. They will interact with environments, move through space, man
Introduction The next generation of AI will need to understand space. Language models can process text. Vision models can recognize images. But autonomous systems require something deeper: spatial und
Introduction Artificial intelligence is becoming more powerful, but one challenge remains difficult: understanding the physical world. Text-based AI can explain physics, describe objects and answer te
Introduction Robots are no longer only machines that repeat programmed movements. The next generation of robots will need to understand the world, predict what can happen, and choose the right action
Understanding the foundations of world models through the influential 2018 paper by David Ha and Jürgen Schmidhuber Artificial intelligence has made impressive progress in recognising images, generati
